Security guide
API and API gateway security: a practical guide
How to secure APIs and API gateways: OWASP API Top 10, authentication, authorisation, rate limiting, patching, inventory, testing and response.
Insights · Compliance guide
ISO/IEC 27001:2022 handles vulnerabilities mainly in Annex A control 8.8, management of technical vulnerabilities. You do not need a specific scanner or a fixed patch deadline, but you do need a defined, repeatable process that finds weaknesses, rates them by risk, fixes or consciously accepts them, and leaves records. This guide shows what that means in practice and what auditors usually ask for.
Updated:
ISO/IEC 27001:2022 was published in October 2022. According to SGS, certification bodies stopped initial and recertification audits against the 2013 edition on 30 April 2024, and the transition period ended on 31 October 2025, after which 2013 certificates are no longer valid. In November 2026, the 2022 edition is therefore the only one you can be certified against, and an organization whose 2013 certificate lapsed is treated as a new client needing a full initial audit.
The 2022 edition reorganized Annex A from 114 to 93 controls, according to NQA, and added new controls such as threat intelligence (5.7). The guidance behind the controls sits in ISO/IEC 27002:2022, the third edition of that standard, published in February 2022.
Control 8.8 aims to prevent the exploitation of technical vulnerabilities. It is classed as a preventive control and sits in the technological theme of Annex A. The ISO/IEC 27002 guidance behind it is advice, not a checklist: your own risk assessment decides how deep and how fast you go.
Based on common readings of the control, a working process covers the following points.
Vulnerability management rarely stands alone in an audit. Expect questions that move across neighbouring controls, because a finding in one area often points to a gap in another.
Threat intelligence (5.7) feeds the process with information on actively exploited weaknesses. Configuration management (8.9) keeps systems in a hardened, documented state, which removes many findings before a scanner sees them. Change management (8.32) governs how patches reach production. Incident response, including control 5.26, takes over when a weakness is exploited before you could fix it. NIST SP 800-40 Rev. 4 offers a useful non-ISO view of enterprise patching as routine preventive maintenance and is a sound reference for process design.
ISO 27001 sets no mandatory evidence list, and auditors differ in style. In practice, most ask you to show that the process exists, runs, and produces decisions. The following items are commonly requested.
The standard does not prescribe hours or days. Many organizations publish tiers by severity, for example faster deadlines for critical issues and longer ones for low risk, and some commentators call a CVSS-based scheme of roughly two days for critical up to ninety days for low a common benchmark. Treat such numbers as an example, not a requirement.
Raw CVSS scores alone are a weak basis. Combine severity with how critical the asset is, whether it faces the internet and whether the weakness is known to be exploited. Whatever you choose, auditors mainly care that the timelines are defined, approved, applied and measured, and that misses lead to a recorded exception rather than silence.
ISO/IEC 27001:2022/Amd 1:2024 was published in February 2024 and adopted in Germany as a DIN standard in November 2024. It adds climate change considerations to clauses 4.1 and 4.2: you decide whether climate change is a relevant issue for your context and consider related expectations of interested parties.
This does not change control 8.8. It only affects how you document your context, so a short note in that document is typically enough.
Many teams run the process internally but buy parts of it. Managed vulnerability assessment services operate scanners on a schedule, remove false positives and deliver prioritized reports. Penetration testing providers add manual testing of applications and networks that scanners miss. Both produce dated, signed-off reports that serve directly as audit evidence.
When you request offers, state your scope, systems and cloud accounts, the testing frequency your risk assessment requires, how findings must be reported, whether retesting is included, and which certification body audits you. Also check how the provider handles access to your data and the written authorization needed for testing.
Control 8.8 is an Annex A control, and you may exclude controls that are not applicable. Because nearly every organization runs IT systems, you will almost always include it and must justify any exclusion in your statement of applicability.
The standard does not name a frequency. Your risk assessment decides, and many organizations test at least yearly and after major changes. High Table describes an annual test as a minimum rather than best practice.
A scanner covers detection only. Auditors also want to see prioritization, remediation, exception handling and verification, supported by records.
Record a formal exception with the reason, a compensating measure such as isolation or tighter monitoring, an accountable owner and a review date. A documented, approved exception is generally viewed more favourably than an unexplained overdue finding.
No. The transition period ended on 31 October 2025, so only certificates against the 2022 edition count today.
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